Fortnight 12: 31 May to 13 June 2014

The Communicable Diseases Network Australia holds fortnightly teleconferences to share and evaluate the latest information and developments in communicable diseases surveillance. This report provides a fortnightly summary on diseases of current interest and notifications of Australia's nationally notifiable diseases.

Page last updated: 24 June 2014

Fortnight 12: 31 May to 13 June 2014

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Measles

There were 16 cases notified in this reporting period including Vic (10) Qld (3) SA (2) and WA (1). This includes a cluster of seven cases currently under investigation in Vic.

Of the 227 cases notified year to date:

  • The majority were either imported from overseas 39% (n=88) or import related 31% (n=70) and associated with travel to the Philippines and Singapore.
  • Over a quarter of cases were reported as being acquired in Australia with the link to an imported case either not established or currently under investigation.
  • Cases continue to be highest in the 15-19 and 30-34 years age groups, representing over a third of cases. Additionally, 9% of cases (n=20) were less than 12 months of age.
  • Of those cases aged over 12 months (n=207) and eligible for vaccination, 39% (n=80) were reported as not vaccinated and a further 41% (n=86) had an unknown vaccination status reported. The remaining 20% of cases (n=41) were reported as being vaccinated of which most (n=35) were partially vaccinated having received only one dose of a measles containing vaccine.
  • Vaccination is the best protection against measles. All travellers should ensure that they are up to date with routinely recommended vaccinations including measles prior to travel. More information is available on vaccination from the National Immunisation Programme.

Influenza (laboratory confirmed)

In this reporting period there were 563 confirmed influenza notifications with the majority continuing to be type A (80%). Type B accounted for 19% of notifications, with the remainder reported as either influenza A and B co-infections or untyped. Of the type A cases, 77% were not subtyped, 16% were reported as A(H1N1)pdm09 and 7% were A(H3N2). Approximately 38% of the notifications for this period were from Queensland (215).

Nationally, influenza activity levels continue to be low and stable, but higher than at the same time in previous years. There is no indication that the 2014 influenza season has commenced, nor any indication of the potential severity of the season.

The Australian Government Department of Health continues to monitor influenza activity and will provide a fortnightly summary of influenza activity on the website. The fortnightly Australian Influenza Surveillance Report will commence closer to the onset of the winter influenza season.

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Interpretative Notes

Selected diseases are chosen each fortnight based on either exceeding two standard deviations from the 90 day and/or 365 day five year rolling mean or other disease issues of significance identified during the reporting period. All diseases reported are analysed by notification receive date. Data are extracted each Monday of a CDNA week.

Totals comprise data from all States and Territories. Cumulative figures are subject to retrospective revision so there may be discrepancies between the number of new notifications and the increment in the cumulative figure from the previous period.

  1. The past quarter (90 day) surveillance period includes the date range 16 March 2014 to 13 June 2014.
  2. The quarterly (90 day) five year rolling mean is the average of 5 intervals of 90 days up to 13 June 2014. The ratio is the notification activity in the past quarter (90 days) compared with the five year rolling mean for the same period.
  3. The past year (365 day) surveillance period includes the date range 14 June 2013 to 13 June 2014.
  4. The yearly (365 day) five year rolling mean is the average of 5 intervals of 365 days up to 13 June 2014. The ratio is the notification activity in the past year (365 days) compared with the five year rolling mean for the same period.

The five year rolling mean and the ratio of notifications compared with the five year rolling mean should be interpreted with caution. Changes in surveillance practice, diagnostic techniques and reporting may contribute to increases or decreases in the total notifications received over a five year period. Ratios are to be taken as a crude measure of current disease activity and may reflect changes in reporting rather than changes in disease activity.

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Table of communicable disease notifications reported to the NNDSS for this fortnight

Please use the scroll bar located at the end of the table below to view all columns.

A copy of the table of communicable disease notifications for this fortnight is also included in the PDF printable version of the NNDSS report.

Notifications of Nationally Notifiable Diseases for the period 31/05/2014 to 13/06/2014

Footnotes:

Ratio of the 90 day prior surveillance period to the past 90 day 5 year rolling mean, or ratio of the 365 day prior surveillance period to the 365 day 5 year rolling mean.

NN = Not Notifiable, NDP = No Data Provided, NEC = Not Elsewhere Classified

Dates used are:

  • Past Quarter (90d prior surveillance period): 16/03/2014 to 13/06/2014
  • Quarterly rolling 5Yr Mean (90d 5Yr Mean):
  • Quarterly rolling 5Yr Mean (90d 5Yr Mean) 1: 16/03/2013 to 13/06/2013
  • Quarterly rolling 5Yr Mean (90d 5Yr Mean) 2: 16/03/2012 to 13/06/2012
  • Quarterly rolling 5Yr Mean (90d 5Yr Mean) 3: 16/03/2011 to 13/06/2011
  • Quarterly rolling 5Yr Mean (90d 5Yr Mean) 4: 16/03/2010 to 13/06/2010
  • Quarterly rolling 5Yr Mean (90d 5Yr Mean) 5: 16/03/2009 to 13/06/2009
  • Past year (365d prior surveillance period): 14/06/2013 to 13/06/2014
  • Yearly rolling 5Yr Mean (365d 5Yr Mean):
  • Yearly rolling 5Yr Mean (365d 5Yr Mean) 1: 14/06/2012 to 13/06/2013
  • Yearly rolling 5Yr Mean (365d 5Yr Mean) 2: 15/06/2011 to 13/06/2012
  • Yearly rolling 5Yr Mean (365d 5Yr Mean) 3: 14/06/2010 to 13/06/2011
  • Yearly rolling 5Yr Mean (365d 5Yr Mean) 4: 14/06/2009 to 13/06/2010
  • Yearly rolling 5Yr Mean (365d 5Yr Mean) 5: 14/06/2008 to 13/06/2009
  State or Territory Totals for Australia Historical 90 Day Period Historical 365 Day Period
Disease ACT NSW NT QLD SA TAS VIC WA This
Reporting
Period		 Previous
Reporting
Period		 Same
Reporting
Period
Last Year		 2014 YTD Past
Quarter		 Quarterly
Rolling
5 year
mean		 Ratio
Past
Quarter
/5 year
mean		 Exceeds
Quarterly
rolling
mean +2
SD by		 Past
Year		 Yearly
rolling
5 year
mean		 Ratio
Past
year
/5 year
mean		 Exceeds
Yearly
rolling
mean +2
SD by;
Bloodborne diseases
Hepatitis (NEC) 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 - 0 0.0 0.0 -
Hepatitis B (newly acquired) 0 2 0 1 0 0 5 1 9 9 7 93 49 53.0 0.9 - 186 219.6 0.8 -
Hepatitis B (unspecified) 6 104 0 45 7 2 44 22 230 268 248 2,953 1,643 1,671.0 1.0 - 6,873 6,735.6 1.0 -
Hepatitis C (newly acquired) 1 0 0 0 1 0 5 6 13 12 13 193 92 110.6 0.8 - 407 415.8 1.0 -
Hepatitis C (unspecified) 5 153 5 101 2 14 23 44 347 408 365 4,575 2,585 2,541.6 1.0 - 10,389 10,416.4 1.0 -
Hepatitis D 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 0 2 1 1 18 11 9.8 1.1 - 51 37.2 1.4 -
Gastrointestinal diseases
Botulism 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 0.6 1.7 - 3 1.0 3.0 -
Campylobacteriosis 18 NN 15 222 52 41 22 127 497 787 476 8,382 4,372 3,542.8 1.2 28.0 16,839 16,146.2 1.0 -
Cryptosporidiosis 2 7 2 26 6 0 10 12 65 80 160 1,417 701 1,193.2 0.6 - 2,524 2,922.0 0.9 -
Haemolytic uraemic syndrome (HUS) 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 2 0 14 5 2.8 1.8 - 22 15.4 1.4 -
Hepatitis A 0 3 0 2 0 0 1 0 6 2 9 120 44 66.2 0.7 - 212 270.0 0.8 -
Hepatitis E 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 2 0 2 16 10 11.4 0.9 - 29 37.8 0.8 -
Listeriosis 0 2 0 0 0 0 1 0 3 3 1 39 23 20.8 1.1 - 71 79.6 0.9 -
STEC, VTEC 0 1 0 2 3 0 0 0 6 3 2 72 36 24.4 1.5 - 182 106.8 1.7 24.8
Salmonellosis 8 147 26 161 53 8 90 45 538 663 382 8,912 4,641 3,069.6 1.5 944.3 14,845 11,072.4 1.3 1,087.7
Shigellosis 0 5 5 5 0 0 23 2 40 41 19 521 232 131.6 1.8 35.0 806 578.8 1.4 -
Typhoid Fever 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 5 4 62 19 30.4 0.6 - 118 121.4 1.0 -
Quarantinable diseases
Cholera 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 3 3 2.0 1.5 - 5 4.8 1.0 -
HPAIH 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 - 0 0.0 0.0 -
Plague 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 - 0 0.0 0.0 -
Rabies 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 - 0 0.0 0.0 -
Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS) 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 - 0 0.0 0.0 -
Smallpox 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 - 0 0.0 0.0 -
Viral haemorrhagic fever (NEC) 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 - 0 0.0 0.0 -
Yellow fever 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0.3 0.0 - 0 0.5 0.0 -
Sexually transmissible infections
Chlamydial infection 61 705 47 772 184 37 382 423 2,611 3,415 3,024 39,165 21,138 19,331.6 1.1 - 84,160 74,062.0 1.1 -
Donovanosis 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 0.0 0.0 - 1 1.0 1.0 -
Gonococcal infection 6 128 34 98 52 3 59 76 456 612 486 7,289 3,795 2,973.8 1.3 - 15,749 10,955.4 1.4 -
Syphilis - congenital 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 1.2 0.0 - 6 4.0 1.5 -
Syphilis < 2 years 0 3 0 10 0 0 15 2 30 51 47 762 387 338.4 1.1 - 1,769 1,351.0 1.3 53.7
Syphilis > 2 years or unspecified duration 1 4 1 8 NDP 0 29 2 47 73 55 770 423 362.4 1.2 - 1,725 1,381.2 1.2 169.2
Vaccine preventable diseases
Diphtheria 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1.0 0.0 - 1 1.0 1.0 -
Haemophilus influenzae type b 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 7 4 4.8 0.8 - 20 17.8 1.1 -
Influenza (laboratory confirmed) 9 119 4 215 60 6 104 46 563 618 381 6,772 3,572 3,081.0 1.2 - 30,958 31,349.4 1.0 -
Measles 0 0 0 3 2 0 10 1 16 11 6 227 67 24.4 2.7 17.0 355 119.8 3.0 121.7
Mumps 0 2 0 2 0 0 1 0 5 8 10 96 38 48.0 0.8 - 194 168.2 1.2 -
Pertussis 9 50 2 47 9 3 92 59 271 360 374 4,033 1,930 5,839.4 0.3 - 10,582 29,001.4 0.4 -
Pneumococcal disease (invasive) 2 29 1 14 6 1 4 5 62 69 75 496 331 360.6 0.9 - 1,507 1,708.0 0.9 -
Poliomyelitis 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 - 0 0.0 0.0 -
Rubella 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 7 1 11.6 0.1 - 26 39.0 0.7 -
Rubella Congenital 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0.2 0.0 - 1 0.4 2.5 -
Tetanus 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 1.0 1.0 - 1 3.8 0.3 -
Varicella zoster (Chickenpox)+ 2 NN 1 0 8 0 9 19 39 63 71 799 425 394.8 1.1 - 2,137 1,928.8 1.1 -
Varicella zoster (Shingles)+ 1 NN 5 0 44 7 25 36 118 185 201 2,349 1,190 936.2 1.3 - 5,058 3,588.2 1.4 -
Varicella zoster (Unspecified)+ 9 NN 1 186 29 8 55 46 334 424 357 4,913 2,588 1,865.6 1.4 286.7 10,735 7,371.4 1.5 961.1
Vectorborne diseases
Arbovirus infection (NEC) 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 2 2 1 25 22 2.8 7.9 16.2 38 11.8 3.2 14.3
Barmah Forest virus infection 0 7 1 21 0 0 0 2 31 22 207 522 223 694.8 0.3 - 2,074 2,020.2 1.0 -
Dengue virus infection 1 8 5 10 3 2 0 13 42 72 55 988 415 340.6 1.2 - 1,922 1,239.0 1.6 -
Japanese encephalitis virus infection 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 - 4 0.4 10.0 2.5
Kunjin virus infection 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 1 0.4 2.5 - 4 1.4 2.9 0.3
Malaria 0 2 0 4 0 1 0 4 11 11 12 146 66 86.4 0.8 - 359 436.6 0.8 -
Murray Valley encephalitis virus infection 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 3.6 0.0 - 1 4.2 0.2 -
Ross River virus infection 0 33 12 88 1 0 0 32 166 219 160 2,793 1,552 1,806.0 0.9 - 4,568 4,804.6 1.0 -
Zoonoses
Anthrax 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 - 0 0.2 0.0 -
Australian bat lyssavirus 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 - 0 0.2 0.0 -
Brucellosis 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 8 2 6.4 0.3 - 18 30.6 0.6 -
Leptospirosis 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 3 2 49 26 52.2 0.5 - 99 138.4 0.7 -
Lyssavirus (NEC) 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 - 0 0.0 0.0 -
Ornithosis 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 4 13 7 14.0 0.5 - 44 75.0 0.6 -
Q fever 0 2 0 5 1 0 0 0 8 18 21 230 97 98.0 1.0 - 488 353.0 1.4 74.7
Tularaemia 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0.3 0.0 - 0 0.5 0.0 -
Other bacterial infections
Legionellosis 0 2 0 0 1 0 1 1 5 16 22 174 99 97.4 1.0 - 512 332.0 1.5 105.3
Leprosy 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 6 3 2.0 1.5 - 14 8.2 1.7 2.2
Meningococcal disease (invasive) 0 1 0 1 0 0 1 4 7 5 2 56 33 48.0 0.7 - 147 241.0 0.6 -
Tuberculosis 1 6 1 5 1 0 15 5 34 40 44 539 284 282.6 1.0 - 1,244 1,326.4 0.9 -
Totals 142 1,529 169 2,057 525 133 1,028 1,036 6,621 8,584 7,310 100,630 53,188        230,083       

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