Fortnight 05: 22 February to 07 March 2014

The Communicable Diseases Network Australia holds fortnightly teleconferences to share and evaluate the latest information and developments in communicable diseases surveillance. This report provides a fortnightly summary on diseases of current interest and notifications of Australia's nationally notifiable diseases.

Page last updated: 14 March 2014

Fortnight 05: 22 February to 07 March 2014

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Measles

There have been 34 cases of measles reported this reporting period from NSW (17), NT (9), Vic (4), SA (2), Qld (1) and WA (1). The median age is 20, the age range is from 0-48.

Of the 150 cases notified YTD:

  • Around 55% of cases were either imported from overseas or were import-related, with the majority of these cases related to the Philippines;
  • Some of the import-related cases (n=10) have been linked to a multijurisdictional outbreak associated with an imported case from the Philippines who attended a dance competition in Sydney in early December 2013; and
  • Of the remaining 45% of cases reported as locally acquired, information about their source of infection has either not been established or is still under investigation.

Salmonellosis

There were 935 notifications of Salmonellosis this reporting period up from 880 for the previous reporting period. This reflects a steady increase for the quarter.

Of particular note are four outbreaks affecting 18 people in Victoria. The outbreaks of STm9 are part of a wider outbreak associated with a Victorian egg producer. The initial outbreak was in a burger restaurant (reported in the previous reporting period). Three additional food premises have now been identified as part of this outbreak. Raw or undercooked eggs have been associated with all four premises. OzFoodNet has shown that consumption of foods containing raw or minimally cooked eggs is currently the single largest cause of foodborne Salmonella outbreaks.

Commercial food providers and consumers should refer to advice from the Food Safety Information Council for minimizing the risk of food poisoning from eggs.

Interpretative Notes

Selected diseases are chosen each fortnight based on either exceeding two standard deviations from the 90 day and/or 365 day five year rolling mean or other disease issues of significance identified during the reporting period. All diseases reported are analysed by notification receive date. Data are extracted each Monday of a CDNA week.

Totals comprise data from all States and Territories. Cumulative figures are subject to retrospective revision so there may be discrepancies between the number of new notifications and the increment in the cumulative figure from the previous period.

  1. The past quarter (90 day) surveillance period includes the date range 8 December 2013 to 7 March 2014.
  2. The quarterly (90 day) five year rolling mean is the average of 5 intervals of 90 days up to 7 March 2014. The ratio is the notification activity in the past quarter (90 days) compared with the five year rolling mean for the same period.
  3. The past year (365 day) surveillance period includes the date range 8 March 2013 to 7 March 2014.
  4. The yearly (365 day) five year rolling mean is the average of 5 intervals of 365 days up to 7 March 2014. The ratio is the notification activity in the past year (365 days) compared with the five year rolling mean for the same period.

The five year rolling mean and the ratio of notifications compared with the five year rolling mean should be interpreted with caution. Changes in surveillance practice, diagnostic techniques and reporting may contribute to increases or decreases in the total notifications received over a five year period. Ratios are to be taken as a crude measure of current disease activity and may reflect changes in reporting rather than changes in disease activity.

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Table of communicable disease notifications reported to the NNDSS for this fortnight

Please use the scroll bar located at the end of the table below to view all columns.

A copy of the table of communicable disease notifications for this fortnight is also included in the PDF printable version of the NNDSS report.

Notifications of Nationally Notifiable Diseases for the period 22/02/2014 to 07/03/2014

Footnotes:

Ratio of the 90 day prior surveillance period to the past 90 day 5 year rolling mean, or ratio of the 365 day prior surveillance period to the 365 day 5 year rolling mean.

NN = Not Notifiable, NDP = No Data Provided, NEC = Not Elsewhere Classified

Dates used are:

  • Past Quarter (90d prior surveillance period): 08/12/2013 to 07/03/2014
  • Quarterly rolling 5Yr Mean (90d 5Yr Mean):
  • Quarterly rolling 5Yr Mean (90d 5Yr Mean) 1: 08/12/2012 to 07/03/2013
  • Quarterly rolling 5Yr Mean (90d 5Yr Mean) 2: 09/12/2011 to 07/03/2012
  • Quarterly rolling 5Yr Mean (90d 5Yr Mean) 3: 08/12/2010 to 07/03/2011
  • Quarterly rolling 5Yr Mean (90d 5Yr Mean) 4: 08/12/2009 to 07/03/2010
  • Quarterly rolling 5Yr Mean (90d 5Yr Mean) 5: 08/12/2008 to 07/03/2009
  • Past year (365d prior surveillance period): 08/03/2013 to 07/03/2014
  • Yearly rolling 5Yr Mean (365d 5Yr Mean):
  • Yearly rolling 5Yr Mean (365d 5Yr Mean) 1: 08/03/2012 to 07/03/2013
  • Yearly rolling 5Yr Mean (365d 5Yr Mean) 2: 09/03/2011 to 07/03/2012
  • Yearly rolling 5Yr Mean (365d 5Yr Mean) 3: 08/03/2010 to 07/03/2011
  • Yearly rolling 5Yr Mean (365d 5Yr Mean) 4: 08/03/2009 to 07/03/2010
  • Yearly rolling 5Yr Mean (365d 5Yr Mean) 5: 08/03/2008 to 07/03/2009
  State or Territory Totals for Australia Historical 90 Day Period Historical 365 Day Period
Disease ACT NSW NT QLD SA TAS VIC WA This
Reporting
Period		 Previous
Reporting
Period		 Same
Reporting
Period
Last Year		 2014 YTD Past
Quarter		 Quarterly
Rolling
5 year
mean		 Ratio
Past
Quarter
/5 year
mean		 Exceeds
Quarterly
rolling
mean +2
SD by		 Past
Year		 Yearly
rolling
5 year
mean		 Ratio
Past
year
/5 year
mean		 Exceeds
Yearly
rolling
mean +2
SD by;
Bloodborne diseases
Hepatitis (NEC) 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 - 0 0.0 0.0 -
Hepatitis B (newly acquired) 0 1 1 3 0 0 3 1 9 9 13 37 44 54.6 0.8 - 171 224.4 0.8 -
Hepatitis B (unspecified) 8 120 0 41 7 4 68 32 280 278 270 1,165 1,544 1,598.2 1.0 - 6,958 6,710.6 1.0 -
Hepatitis C (newly acquired) 0 1 0 0 1 0 5 3 10 24 19 83 111 103.6 1.1 - 409 410.0 1.0 -
Hepatitis C (unspecified) 7 118 0 108 15 7 87 43 385 421 426 1,746 2,353 2,452.2 1.0 - 10,264 10,474.8 1.0 -
Hepatitis D 0 0 0 2 0 0 0 0 2 2 2 8 14 7.6 1.8 2.5 60 36.4 1.6 11.0
Gastrointestinal diseases
Botulism 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 - 4 0.6 6.7 1.6
Campylobacteriosis 23 NN 15 209 46 38 227 116 674 714 578 3,607 4,749 4,447.2 1.1 - 15,542 16,215.6 1.0 -
Cryptosporidiosis 4 15 5 35 8 0 29 15 111 148 321 627 819 973.4 0.8 - 3,494 2,696.4 1.3 -
Haemolytic uraemic syndrome (HUS) 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 2 1 0 9 10 5.4 1.9 - 18 17.8 1.0 -
Hepatitis A 0 6 0 4 4 0 4 4 22 16 15 68 83 68.8 1.2 - 201 283.2 0.7 -
Hepatitis E 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 1 4 9 9.8 0.9 - 30 37.8 0.8 -
Listeriosis 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 5 6 15 21 26.6 0.8 - 67 79.6 0.8 -
STEC, VTEC 0 0 0 1 4 0 0 0 5 4 5 33 38 40.4 0.9 - 176 104.2 1.7 26.2
Salmonellosis 11 292 18 249 66 11 224 64 935 880 613 3,850 4,726 3,694.2 1.3 139.1 13,603 10,810.8 1.3 -
Shigellosis 1 12 2 8 3 0 8 4 38 66 27 244 278 169.0 1.6 52.7 661 595.0 1.1 -
Typhoid Fever 0 2 0 2 1 0 3 1 9 7 10 40 55 44.4 1.2 - 135 120.2 1.1 -
Quarantinable diseases
Cholera 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0.6 0.0 - 3 4.6 0.7 -
HPAIH 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 - 0 0.0 0.0 -
Plague 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 - 0 0.0 0.0 -
Rabies 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 - 0 0.0 0.0 -
Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS) 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 - 0 0.0 0.0 -
Smallpox 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 - 0 0.0 0.0 -
Viral haemorrhagic fever (NEC) 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 - 0 0.0 0.0 -
Yellow fever 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 - 0 1.0 0.0 -
Sexually transmissible infections
Chlamydial infection 54 1,010 22 902 204 94 604 473 3,363 3,649 3,437 15,771 20,332 18,112.8 1.1 - 83,027 72,879.2 1.1 -
Donovanosis 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0.2 0.0 - 0 1.0 0.0 -
Gonococcal infection 9 185 18 115 36 1 138 102 604 679 635 3,097 3,976 2,769.4 1.4 - 15,564 10,622.6 1.5 -
Syphilis - congenital 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 2 0 1 2 2 1.0 2.0 1.0 7 4.4 1.6 -
Syphilis < 2 years 1 4 0 10 3 0 19 4 41 74 81 277 393 329.2 1.2 - 1,722 1,331.8 1.3 56.1
Syphilis > 2 years or unspecified duration 1 4 3 8 2 1 46 2 65 74 54 284 373 308.4 1.2 9.4 1,701 1,353.8 1.3 268.9
Vaccine preventable diseases
Diphtheria 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0.0 0.0 - 2 0.8 2.5 -
Haemophilus influenzae type b 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 2 4 3.2 1.3 - 21 18.8 1.1 -
Influenza (laboratory confirmed) 9 114 39 179 54 7 76 59 537 579 363 2,888 3,997 2,201.8 1.8 - 29,479 31,026.2 1.0 -
Measles 0 17 9 1 2 0 4 1 34 31 3 150 160 28.2 5.7 90.8 293 122.6 2.4 65.8
Mumps 0 9 0 3 1 0 0 1 14 12 10 50 61 41.0 1.5 - 213 170.2 1.3 -
Pertussis 5 80 4 93 12 3 119 52 368 410 514 1,906 2,575 8,069.4 0.3 - 11,310 28,751.8 0.4 -
Pneumococcal disease (invasive) 1 13 0 8 5 0 5 3 35 35 45 149 230 245.0 0.9 - 1,533 1,717.4 0.9 -
Poliomyelitis 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 - 0 0.0 0.0 -
Rubella 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 1 2 1 1 6 9 8.0 1.1 - 32 39.6 0.8 -
Rubella Congenital 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 - 2 0.2 10.0 0.9
Tetanus 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1.6 0.0 - 2 4.2 0.5 -
Varicella zoster (Chickenpox)+ 0 NN 3 1 8 0 23 8 43 55 66 309 477 420.4 1.1 - 2,061 1,905.2 1.1 -
Varicella zoster (Shingles)+ 3 NN 11 0 50 9 66 52 191 217 207 940 1,274 942.4 1.4 - 5,018 3,421.8 1.5 -
Varicella zoster (Unspecified)+ 15 NN 0 259 55 5 111 69 514 455 320 2,217 2,867 1,845.8 1.6 475.6 10,491 7,096.8 1.5 646.2
Vectorborne diseases
Arbovirus infection (NEC) 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 6 6 3.4 1.8 - 24 12.0 2.0 0.1
Barmah Forest virus infection 0 9 0 34 0 0 0 1 44 64 282 285 390 599.8 0.7 - 3,696 1,799.6 2.1 1,196.4
Dengue virus infection 0 12 3 23 2 1 0 31 72 119 66 486 565 489.8 1.2 - 1,951 1,153.6 1.7 261.1
Japanese encephalitis virus infection 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0.2 0.0 - 4 0.4 10.0 2.5
Kunjin virus infection 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 2 0.6 3.3 0.3 3 1.6 1.9 -
Malaria 0 6 0 2 0 0 2 1 11 19 12 71 92 120.0 0.8 - 378 446.0 0.8 -
Murray Valley encephalitis virus infection 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0.4 0.0 - 1 4.6 0.2 -
Ross River virus infection 0 20 13 78 4 4 5 146 270 245 246 1,051 1,321 1,466.2 0.9 - 4,351 4,898.2 0.9 -
Zoonoses
Anthrax 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0.2 0.0 - 0 0.2 0.0 -
Australian bat lyssavirus 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0.2 0.0 - 0 0.2 0.0 -
Brucellosis 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 2 0 6 6 9.0 0.7 - 23 32.2 0.7 -
Leptospirosis 0 1 0 4 0 0 0 0 5 7 5 19 23 42.8 0.5 - 105 140.2 0.7 -
Lyssavirus (NEC) 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 - 0 0.0 0.0 -
Ornithosis 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 0 2 5 16.2 0.3 - 45 78.8 0.6 -
Q fever 0 4 1 9 0 0 0 0 14 22 14 108 130 84.4 1.5 29.9 501 345.4 1.5 107.2
Tularaemia 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 - 0 1.0 0.0 -
Other bacterial infections
Legionellosis 0 1 0 2 2 1 1 2 9 16 12 62 82 79.4 1.0 - 503 326.0 1.5 87.0
Leprosy 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 3 3 2.2 1.4 - 14 8.4 1.7 2.6
Meningococcal disease (invasive) 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 2 3 5 8 17 18 44.6 0.4 - 143 247.0 0.6 -
Tuberculosis 3 7 0 5 0 0 24 6 45 39 44 213 295 325.4 0.9 - 1,231 1,325.4 0.9 -
Totals 155 2,066 168 2,400 598 186 1,903 1,300 8,774 9,386 8,734 41,914 54,523        227,247       

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