Figure 3 is a stacked bar and overlay line graph depicting the temporal change in the number of probable and definite prion disease cases and the age-standardised mortality rate in Australia by year of case death (1970-2015). This complete dataset reflects a positive trend in the number of confirmed cases ascertained over the surveillance period and demonstrates the improved ascertainment of cases after the establishment of the surveillance unit in 1993. The age-standardised mortality rate (line graph) increases from around 0.2 deaths in the early 1970s to around 1.2 case deaths per million per year. The total number of definite and probable cases has increased from under 5 cases per year 1970-1975 to 25-35 cases per year (2005-2012). The stacked graph also demonstrates the increased number of definite case deaths per year, confirmed by neuropathological examination, over the timeframe. In comparison, probable cases have remained relatively stable.